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         Mercenaries (troops paid to serve in another country's service from a number of German (or rather, Holy Roman Empire) duchies and principalities were hired by Great Britain to fight against the colonists. Many of those German mercenaries were from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, giving rise to the general name of Hessians. Other mercenaries came from the langraviate of Hesse-Hanau, the electorate of Hanover, the county of Waldeck-Pyrmont, the duchy of Brunswick, the margraviate of Ansbach-Bayreuth, and the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.

"Map of North America 1770"
from the book, A New Geographical, Historical, and Commercial Grammar, by William Guthrie
collection of Larry D. Smith

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